Metabolical References Chapter 13 | Robert Lustig Website

Chapter 13: Food in the time of Corona — References

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Page 193

“We can’t make enough mac and cheese”

A. Elejande-Ruiz. “‘We Can’t Make Enough Mac and Cheese’: Processed Food Is Undergoing a Renaissance as People Settle in for a Long Stretch of Cooking at Home.” Chicago Tribune, Apr 3, 2020.

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“people of color”

D.A. Chokshi and M.H. Katz. “Emerging Lessons from Covid-19 Response in New York City,” JAMA 323 (20) (2020): 1996.

“the obese”

E.J. Williamson et al. “Factors associated with COVID-19 death using OpenSAFELY,” Nature 584 (7821) (2020): 430.

“those with the diseases of metabolic syndrome”

S. Richardson et al. “Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes among 5700 Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19 in the New York City Area,” JAMA 323 (20) (2020): 2052.

“and diabetes in particular”

L. Zhu et al. “Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with Covid-19 and Pre-Existing Type 2 Diabetes,” Cell 31 (6) (2020): 1068.

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“respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)”

M.A. Matthay et al. “Treatment for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome from Covid-19,” Lancet Respir. Med. 8 (5) (2020): 433.

“has affected young children in New York City”

R.M. Viner and E. Whittaker. “Kawasaki-Like Disease: Emerging Complication During the Covid-19 Pandemic,” Lancet 395 (10239) (2020): 1741.

“and Italy”

L. Verdoni et al. “An Outbreak of Severe Kawasaki-Like Disease at the Italian Epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 Epidemic: An Observational Cohort Study,” Lancet 395 (10239) (2020): 1771.

“blood clots formed in the cytokine storm”

A.E. Cha. “Young and Middle-Aged People, Barely Sick with Covid-19, Are Dying of Strokes.” Washington Post, Apr 25, 2020.

“angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2)”

S.R. Bornstein et al. “Endocrine and Metabolic Link to Coronavirus Infection,” Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 16 (6) (2020): 297.

“inducing insulin resistance”

E.J. Henriksen and M. Prasannarong. “The Role of the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Development of Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle,” Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 378 (1-2) (2013): 15.

“inducing insulin resistance”

T.T. Shi et al. “Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Regulates Mitochondrial Function in Pancreatic β-Cells,” Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 495 (1) (2018): 860.

“such as the kidney”

M. Riera et al. “Effect of Insulin on ACE2 Activity and Kidney Function in the Non-Obese Diabetic Mouse,” PLoS One 9 (1) (2014): e84683.

“expression on cell membranes”

E.S. Salem et al. “Insulin Treatment Attenuates Renal ADAM17 and ACE2 Shedding in Diabetic Akita Mice,” Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 306 (6) (2014): F629.

“expression on cell membranes”

H. Roca‐Ho et al. “Characterization of ACE and ACE2 Expression within Different Organs of the Non-Obese Diabetic Mouse,” Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18 (3) (2017): 563.

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“which is what actually kills you”

M. Li et al. “Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Short Chain Fatty Acids on Immune and Endothelial Cells,” Eur. J. Pharmacol. 831 (2018): 52.

“while fiber could reverse it”

G. Anderson and R.J. Reiter. “Melatonin: Roles in Influenza, Covid-19, and Other Viral Infections,” Rev. Med. Virol. 30 (3) (2020): e2109.

“cells to be infected”

A. Brufsky. “Hyperglycemia, Hydroxychloroquine, and the Covid‐19 Pandemic,” j. Med. Virol. 92 (7) (2020): 770.

“succumb to the infection”

W. Guan et al. “Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China,” N. Engl. J. Med. 382 (18) (2020): 1708.

“at all ages and BMI levels”

S.M. Haffner et al. “Increased Insulin Resistance and Insulin Secretion in Non-Diabetic African-Americans and Hispanics Compared with Non-Hispanic Whites: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study,” Diabetes 45 (6) (1996): 742.

“at all ages and BMI levels”

S.A. Arslanian et al. “Hyperinsulinemia in African-American Children. Decreased Insulin Clearance and Increased Insulin Secretion and Its Relationship to Insulin Sensitivity,” Diabetes 51 (10) (2002): 3014.

“resistant with high insulin levels”

F. Abbasi et al. “Discrimination between Obesity and Insulin Resistance in the Relationship with Adiponectin,” Diabetes 53 (3) (2004): 585.

“directly linked to the cytokine storm”

C.J. Andersen et al. “Impact of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome on Immunity,” Adv. Nutr. 7 (1) (2018): 68.

“independent risk factor for death”

J.K. Louie et al. “A Novel Risk Factor for a Novel Virus: Obesity and 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1),” Clin. Infect. Dis. 52 (3) (2011): 301.

“more likely to end up hospitalized”

J. Lighter et al. “Obesity in Patients Younger Than 60 Years Is a Risk Factor for Covid-19 Hospital Admission,” Clinical Infectious Diseases 71 (15) (2020): 896.

“often resulting in obesity”

C.J. Nolan and M. Prentki. “Insulin Resistance and Insulin Hypersecretion in the Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: Time for a Conceptual Framework Shift,” Diab. Vasc. Dis. Res. 16 (2) (2019): 118.

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“maneuver for COVID-19 as well”

W.B. Grant et al. “Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and Covid-19 Infections and Deaths,” Nutrients 12 (4) (2020): E988.

“the world is consuming less sugar”

M. Jha and A. de Sousa. “Stuck at Home, the World Is Eating Less Sugar,” Bloomberg, June 13, 2020.

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“remain susceptible to infection”

S.D. Neidich et al. “Increased risk of influenza among vaccinated adults who are obese,” Int. J. Obes. 41 (9) (2017): 1324.